IRNewswires Public Corruption Task Force
Ulysses T. Ware, Esq. Innocence Project-2020
October 28, 2020
New York
How
to Report Unregistered Convertible Debt Lenders or Penny Stock Dealers and Earn
an SEC Whistleblower Award
By Jason
Zuckerman and Matthew Stock
Last updated: September 14th, 2020
SEC Targets Unregistered Convertible Debt
Lenders and Penny Stock Dealers
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC) is targeting convertible debt lenders and penny stock dealers that are
operating as unregistered securities dealers. Under the federal securities
laws, a convertible debt lender must register as a securities dealer when they engage in the regular business
of buying and selling securities for their own account, through a broker or
otherwise. See Section 3(a)(5)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(Exchange Act). In these circumstances, a convertible debt lender’s failure to
register as a securities dealer with the SEC is a violation of the mandatory
registration provisions of the federal securities laws. See Section
15(a)(1) of the Exchange
Act. By failing to register, a convertible debt lender avoids regulatory
obligations governing dealers, including regulatory inspections and
oversight, financial responsibility requirements, and maintaining books and
records.
On February 26, 2020, the SEC brought its
first-ever enforcement action against a convertible debt lender for
failing to register as a securities dealer. According to the SEC’s complaint,
the convertible debt lender engaged in the business of purchasing convertible
notes—a type of security—from penny stock issuers, converting the notes into
newly issued shares of stock, and selling those shares into the public market
at a significant profit. Since the enforcement action, and as detailed below,
the SEC has brought two additional enforcement actions against unregistered
convertible debt lenders. In total, the SEC alleges the defendants in the three
enforcement actions generated nearly $85 million in profits.
The SEC
Whistleblower Program was created to incentivize whistleblowers with information
about federal securities laws violations (e.g., unregistered convertible
debt lenders) to report to the SEC. Since the inception of the program in 2011,
the SEC has received more than 33,300 whistleblower tips, some of which have
enabled the SEC to recover more than $2.5
billion in financial remedies from wrongdoers. In exchange for these valuable tips, the
SEC’s Office of the Whistleblower has paid more than $500
million in awards to whistleblowers to date.
If you have original information that you
would like to report to the SEC Whistleblower Office, contact the Director of our SEC whistleblower
practice at mstock@zuckermanlaw.com or call our leading
SEC whistleblower lawyers at (202) 930-5901 or (202) 262-8959. All inquiries are
confidential.
SEC Whistleblower Program
Under the SEC Whistleblower Program, the SEC will issue awards to whistleblowers
who provide original information, including information about unregistered
convertible note lenders, that leads to successful enforcement actions with
total monetary sanctions in excess of $1 million. A whistleblower
may receive an award of between 10 to 30 percent of the total monetary
sanctions collected. If represented by counsel, a whistleblower may submit a tip anonymously to the SEC.
In its short history, the SEC Whistleblower
Program has had a tremendous impact on securities enforcement. In fiscal 2019, the SEC received over
5,200 whistleblower tips, representing a 74% increase since fiscal 2012.
The largest SEC whistleblower awards to date are $50 million, $50 million,
and $39 million.
SEC Enforcement Actions
Against Unregistered Convertible Debt Lenders and Penny Stock Dealers
- On February 26, 2020, the SEC
charged John D. Fierro and his company, JDF Capital, Inc., with failing to
register as dealers with the SEC. See Securities and Exchange Commission v. John D.
Fierro and JDF Capital, Inc.,
No. 3:20-cv-2104 (D.N.J. February 26, 2020). According to the SEC’s complaint, Fierro and JDF purchased convertible notes from more
than 20 separate issuers and sold more than 6.5 billion shares of newly
issued penny stock into the market, generating over $2.3 million in
profits. At the time of this conduct, the SEC alleges that neither Fierro
nor JDF were registered as securities dealers, in violation of the
mandatory registration provisions of the federal securities laws.
- On March 24, 2020, the SEC
filed charges against Justin W. Keener d/b/a JMJ Financial for buying and
selling billions of newly issued shares of penny stock without registering
as a securities dealer. See Securities and Exchange Commission v. Justin W.
Keener d/b/a JMJ Financial,
No. 20-cv-21254 (S.D. Fla. March 24, 2020). The SEC’s complaint alleges that for approximately three years,
Keener purchased convertible notes from more than 100 separate penny stock
issuers, converted the notes into newly issued shares of stock, and sold
more than 17.5 billion shares of newly issued penny stock into the public
market, generating over $21.5 million in profits. Keener demanded and
received highly favorable terms for these notes, including deep discounts
on the converted stock from the prevailing market price. The majority of
Keener’s profits resulted from the discounted prices at which he acquired
shares from the issuers to sell into the market.
- On September 3, 2020, the SEC
brought charges against John M. Fife and companies he controls for buying
and selling more than 21 billion shares of penny stock without registering
as a securities dealer with the SEC. See Securities and Exchange Commission v. John M.
Fife, Chicago Venture Partners, L.P., Iliad Research and Trading, L.P.,
St. George Investments LLC, Tonaquint, Inc., and Typenex Co-Investment,
LLC, No. 1:20-cv-05227 (N.D. Ill.
filed September 3, 2020). The SEC’s complaint alleges that for approximately 5 years, Fife and
his companies were in the business of purchasing convertible notes from
penny stock issuers, converting those notes into shares of stock, and
selling the newly issued shares into the market at a profit of $61
million. And the complaint avers that the convertible notes that Fife and
his companies bought from the issuers entitled them to receive issuer
stock at a substantial discount from the prevailing market price. To lock
in their profits, the defendants normally sold the stock as soon after
conversion as the market would bear the sales.
How to Report Unregistered Convertible Debt
Lenders and Penny Stock Dealers and Earn an SEC Whistleblower Award
To report an unregistered convertible debt
lender or penny stock dealer and qualify for an award under the SEC
Whistleblower Program, the SEC requires that whistleblowers or their attorneys
report the tip online through the SEC’s Tip,
Complaint or Referral Portal or mail/fax a Form TCR to the SEC Office of the Whistleblower. Prior to
submitting a tip, whistleblowers should consult with an experienced
whistleblower attorney and review the SEC whistleblower rules to, among other things, understand
eligibility rules and consider the factors that can significantly increase or
decrease the size of a future whistleblower award.
SEC Whistleblower Attorneys
If you would like more information on
reporting fraud to the SEC Office of the Whistleblower, contact an SEC
Whistleblower Attorney at Zuckerman Law for a free, confidential consultation.
Zuckerman Law is one of the nation’s leading law firms representing
whistleblowers in whistleblower rewards and retaliation cases.
For more information about the SEC
Whistleblower Program and how to report violations of the federal securities
laws to the SEC, download the eBook: Tips from SEC Whistleblower Attorneys to Maximize an SEC
Whistleblower Award.
Also, click below to hear SEC whistleblower lawyer Matt Stock’s tips for
SEC whistleblowers: